IMAGE RIGHT: The schematic for working PsdNPC mechanism. a) The schematic for combining PPC effect by exciting electrons and the NPC effect by heating for an optoelectronic device. b) A thermodynamic 1D Fourier model for analyzing the heat transfer of the device under light irradiation heating. c) The schematic of shortening the response time of heating effect by decreasing the sizes of the device and the irradiation beam diameter, and increasing the thermal conductivity k of its substrate. d) Graphene can be used to decrease the response time because of its connected architectures, highest heat conductivity, and thus good heat coordination between different nanoparticles.
The SnO 2 nanoparticle has an amorphous surface shell yellow) and crystallized core (purple). e,f) The moisture molecules are released and absorbed with temperature increase and decrease, and surface conductivity becomes worse and better, respectively.